{"id":889,"date":"2023-08-24T12:23:20","date_gmt":"2023-08-24T12:23:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/?page_id=889"},"modified":"2023-10-14T20:14:55","modified_gmt":"2023-10-14T20:14:55","slug":"un-passe-qui-ne-passe-pas-sciences-coloniales-et-islamophobie-savante-olivier-le-cour-grandmaison","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/?page_id=889","title":{"rendered":"Un pass\u00e9 qui ne passe pas. Sciences coloniales et islamophobie savante. Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Conversation avec R\u00e9da Benkirane, vid\u00e9oconf\u00e9rence, 14 juillet 2020, 1h31mn.<br \/>\nTextes introductifs (fran\u00e7ais, anglais et arabe) de Samia Erraji<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yqQ2_NDGnFY?si=LUn64Dynw24fbK7X\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L&#8217;entretien entre Reda Benkirane et Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison explore les liens entre l&#8217;histoire coloniale et les probl\u00e8mes sociopolitiques contemporains en France. Le Cour Grandmaison, bien qu&#8217;il ne soit pas historien de formation, a \u00e9crit sur la colonisation en tant que ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne total aux dimensions politiques, historiques et philosophiques. Il souligne la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d&#8217;aborder cette question de mani\u00e8re interdisciplinaire pour en saisir la complexit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Son travail examine notamment Alexis de Tocqueville, la guerre d&#8217;Alg\u00e9rie et l&#8217;islamophobie \u00e0 travers l&#8217;histoire. Les lois coloniales subsistent aujourd&#8217;hui, telles que l&#8217;internement administratif, l&#8217;\u00e9tat d&#8217;urgence, appliqu\u00e9s notamment contre les minorit\u00e9s racis\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le pass\u00e9 colonial se refl\u00e8te dans la m\u00e9moire fran\u00e7aise \u00e0 travers les noms de rues, les statues glorifiant des figures ayant opprim\u00e9 les indig\u00e8nes, en contradiction avec les principes r\u00e9publicains.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Benkirane et Le Cour Grandmaison explorent les similitudes et diff\u00e9rences entre les \u00e9poques coloniale et contemporaine. Le Cour Grandmaison pointe les pratiques polici\u00e8res et la perception des minorit\u00e9s issues de l&#8217;immigration postcoloniale, ajoutant des dimensions ethno-raciales et religieuses aux probl\u00e8mes sociaux.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L&#8217;islamophobie trouve ses racines dans le racisme scientifique et l&#8217;histoire coloniale. Le Cour Grandmaison contextualise l&#8217;\u00e9mergence du racisme scientifique et comment il fut propag\u00e9 par des intellectuels influents tels qu\u2019Ernest Renan. Ainsi les repr\u00e9sentations n\u00e9gatives de l&#8217;islam \u00e9taient li\u00e9es \u00e0 des notions de stagnation et de menace pour la civilisation europ\u00e9enne.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Une comparaison avec l&#8217;antis\u00e9mitisme est faite, soulignant la tol\u00e9rance de l&#8217;islamophobie dans le discours public. Les r\u00f4les des m\u00e9dias et des intellectuels sont \u00e9voqu\u00e9s dans la mani\u00e8re dont ils fa\u00e7onnent les perceptions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">L&#8217;entretien aborde enfin la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de reconna\u00eetre l&#8217;histoire coloniale en France pour r\u00e9soudre les crises identitaires actuelles. La politique de reconnaissance des crimes coloniaux est \u00e9galement discut\u00e9e, soulignant le manque d&#8217;engagement des plus hautes autorit\u00e9s fran\u00e7aises.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les mouvements actuels de lutte contre le racisme sont \u00e9voqu\u00e9s, et un futur projet sur le racisme au pluriel en France est annonc\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En r\u00e9sum\u00e9, l&#8217;entretien explore l&#8217;influence persistante de l&#8217;histoire coloniale sur la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 contemporaine fran\u00e7aise, notamment en ce qui concerne les probl\u00e8mes de racisme, d&#8217;islamophobie et d&#8217;identit\u00e9, tout en examinant les d\u00e9fis et les projets futurs pour un changement significatif.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samia Erraji<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison<\/strong> est politologue et enseigne \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 de Paris-Saclay-Evry-Val d\u2019Essone. Il est l\u2019auteur de <em>Les Citoyennet\u00e9s en R\u00e9volution (1789-1794)<\/em> (Paris, PUF, 1992), <em>Les Constitutions fran\u00e7aises<\/em> (Paris, La D\u00e9couverte, 1996), <em>Haine(s) : Philosophie et<\/em> <em>politique<\/em> (Paris, PUF, 2002), <em>Coloniser, exterminer. Sur la guerre et l\u2019\u00c9tat colonial<\/em> (Paris, Fayard, 2005), <em>La R\u00e9publique imp\u00e9riale : politique et racisme d\u2019\u00c9tat<\/em> (Paris, Fayard, 2009), <em>De l\u2019indig\u00e9nat. Anatomie d\u2019un \u00ab monstre \u00bb juridique : le droit colonial en Alg\u00e9rie et dans l\u2019empire fran\u00e7ais<\/em> (Paris, Zones\/La D\u00e9couverte, 2010), <em>L\u2019Empire des hygi\u00e9nistes. Vivre aux colonies<\/em> (Paris, Fayard, 2014) et <em>\u00ab Ennemis mortels \u00bb. Repr\u00e9sentations de l\u2019islam et politiques musulmanes en France \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque coloniale<\/em> (Paris, La D\u00e9couverte, 2019).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">_________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The interview between Reda Benkirane and Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison explores the connections between colonial history and contemporary socio-political issues in France. Le Cour Grandmaison, though not strictly an historian, has written about colonization as a total phenomenon with political, historical, and philosophical dimensions. He emphasizes the need to approach this topic in an interdisciplinary manner to grasp its complexity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His work examines Alexis de Tocqueville, the Algerian War, and Islamophobia throughout history. Colonial laws persist today, such as administrative detention and states of emergency, applied particularly against racial minority groups.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The colonial past is reflected in French memory through street names, statues glorifying figures who oppressed natives, contradicting republican principles.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They delve into the similarities and differences between colonial and contemporary eras. Le Cour Grandmaison highlights police practices and the perception of minorities from postcolonial immigration, adding ethno-racial and religious dimensions to social issues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Islamophobia finds its roots in scientific racism and colonial history. Le Cour Grandmaison contextualizes the emergence of scientific racism and how it was propagated by influential intellectuals. Negative representations of Islam were tied to notions of stagnation and a threat to European civilization.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A comparison with anti-Semitism is made, underscoring the tolerance of Islamophobia in public discourse. The roles of media and intellectuals are discussed in shaping perceptions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The interview finally addresses the need to acknowledge colonial history in France to resolve current identity crises. The policy of recognizing colonial crimes is also discussed, highlighting the lack of commitment from the highest French authorities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Current movements combating racism are mentioned, and a future project on pluralistic racism in France is announced.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In summary, the interview explores the persistent influence of colonial history on contemporary French society, particularly concerning issues of racism, Islamophobia, and identity, while examining challenges and future projects for meaningful change.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">SE<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison<\/strong> is a political scientist and teaches at the University of Paris-Saclay-Evry-Val d&#8217;Essonne. He is the author of several works, including <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Citizenships in Revolution (1789-1794)&#8221;<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Paris, PUF, 1992),<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8220;French Constitutions&#8221; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Paris, La D\u00e9couverte, 1996), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Hatred(s): Philosophy and Politics&#8221; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Paris, PUF, 2002), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Colonize, Exterminate: On War and the Colonial State&#8221; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Paris, Fayard, 2005), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;The Imperial Republic: Politics and State Racism&#8221; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Paris, Fayard, 2009), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;Of Indigeneity: Anatomy of a &#8216;Monstrous&#8217; Legal Concept &#8211; Colonial Law in Algeria and the French Empire&#8221; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Paris, Zones\/La D\u00e9couverte, 2010), <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">&#8220;The Empire of Hygienists: Living in the Colonies&#8221; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Paris, Fayard, 2014),<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> &#8220;Deadly Enemies: Representations of Islam and Muslim Politics in France During the Colonial Era&#8221; <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Paris, La D\u00e9couverte, 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">_________________________________<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627. \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0647.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\">\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0631\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0634\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\">\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0634\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\">\u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\">\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"AR-SA\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633-\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064a-\u0625\u064a\u0641\u0631\u064a-\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 (1789-1794)&#8221; (\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c PUF\u060c 1992(\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221; 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\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0632\u0648\u0646\/\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u062a\u060c 2010)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0647\u0651\u0650\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a&#8221; (\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c 2014)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646&#8221;. \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a&#8221; (\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u062a\u060c 2019).<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Conversation avec R\u00e9da Benkirane, vid\u00e9oconf\u00e9rence, 14 juillet 2020, 1h31mn. Textes introductifs (fran\u00e7ais, anglais et arabe) de Samia Erraji L&#8217;entretien entre Reda Benkirane et Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison explore les liens entre l&#8217;histoire coloniale et les probl\u00e8mes sociopolitiques contemporains en France. Le Cour Grandmaison, bien qu&#8217;il ne soit pas historien de\u2026 <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/?page_id=889\">Lire plus \/ Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":910,"parent":1930,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[64,120],"tags":[142,144,141,145,143],"class_list":["post-889","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-humanites","category-humanities","tag-colonialisme","tag-islamophobie","tag-olivier-le-cour-grandmaison","tag-racisme","tag-sciences-coloniales"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=889"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2653,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/889\/revisions\/2653"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1930"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/910"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=889"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=889"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}