{"id":550,"date":"2023-08-18T08:34:10","date_gmt":"2023-08-18T08:34:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/?page_id=550"},"modified":"2023-10-14T18:45:26","modified_gmt":"2023-10-14T18:45:26","slug":"stephen-wolfram-foundations-and-implications-of-complexity","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/?page_id=550","title":{"rendered":"Stephen Wolfram, Foundations and Implications of Complexity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>UM6P Science Week, 54mn&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Introductory texts (English, French and Arabic) by Samia Erraji<br \/>\nDrawing by Sophie Lenormand<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zQlobspAp5U\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In a thought-provoking presentation, Stephen Wolfram delves into the concept of universal computation and its profound implications in both technology and science. The great physicist introduces the principle of computational equivalence, which posits that computational sophistication is a ubiquitous phenomenon in natural systems, above a certain threshold. This revelation leads to the phenomenon of computational irreducibility, where certain processes in nature cannot be simplified or predicted in a systematic way.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stephen Wolfram explores the idea that computational irreducibility imposes limitations on what can be achieved in traditional scientific approaches, particularly in the realm of prediction and understanding complex systems. He explores how computational irreducibility challenges the very foundation of classical scientific paradigms, which rely on deterministic equations and precise mathematical models to describe the behavior of natural phenomena.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2241 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1-1024x724.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"566\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1-1536x1086.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1-2048x1448.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1-212x150.jpg 212w, https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Ouverture_Science_Week_Complexite_20fev_Sophie_Lenormand-scaled1-150x106.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the talk takes a turn towards a new perspective in science, introducing the multi-computational paradigm. In this paradigm, the role of observers becomes crucial, as different observers can take slices of the computational space and observe certain aspects of the system that exhibit computational reducibility. This multi-computational approach opens new avenues for scientific progress, allowing for the discovery of patterns and regularities in complex systems that were previously obscured by computational irreducibility.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stephen Wolfram emphasizes that while computational irreducibility poses inherent limitations on what can be known and predicted in science, it also underscores the significance of the passage of time and the dynamic nature of the universe. The unpredictability of certain systems highlights the importance of embracing the concept of time as a fundamental component in scientific exploration.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Furthermore, the presentation touches upon the potential applications of the principles discovered in physics in other fields, such as economics. While the fundamental laws of physics may hold true in various contexts, the nature of observers and the specific computational slices they observe can significantly impact the conclusions drawn in different domains.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samia Erraji<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Stephen Wolfram<\/strong> is a British-American scientist, computer scientist, and entrepreneur born in 1959. He is best known for his contributions to theoretical computer science and for creating the symbolic computation software Mathematica. In 1987, he founded Wolfram Research, where he developed the Wolfram Alpha search engine. Wolfram is the author of, most notably, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A New Kind of Science<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Wolfram Media,&nbsp;2002)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which explores complex systems based on simple rules. His work has had a significant impact on various fields, including physics, mathematics, artificial intelligence, and bioinformatics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">_________________________________<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans un captivant expos\u00e9, Stephen Wolfram explore le concept de la computation universelle et ses implications profondes tant dans la technologie que dans les sciences. Le physicien pr\u00e9sente le principe de l&#8217;\u00e9quivalence computationnelle, qui sugg\u00e8re que le d\u00e9veloppement computationnel exceptionnel est un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne courant dans les syst\u00e8mes naturels, au-dessus d&#8217;un certain seuil.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cela conduit \u00e0 la notion d&#8217;irr\u00e9ductibilit\u00e9 computationnelle, o\u00f9 certaines op\u00e9rations dans la nature ne peuvent pas \u00eatre simplifi\u00e9es ou pr\u00e9dites de mani\u00e8re syst\u00e9matique. Cela impose des limites fondamentales \u00e0 ce que l&#8217;on peut r\u00e9aliser dans l&#8217;approche scientifique traditionnelle, en particulier en mati\u00e8re de pr\u00e9diction et de compr\u00e9hension des syst\u00e8mes complexes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cependant, le discours prend un cours in\u00e9dit en s&#8217;inscrivant dans une nouvelle perspective dans les sciences, en pr\u00e9sentant le concept de la multicomputation. Dans cette approche, le r\u00f4le des observateurs devient crucial, car diff\u00e9rents observateurs peuvent prendre des tranches du domaine computationnel et observer certaines facettes du syst\u00e8me qui r\u00e9v\u00e8lent l&#8217;irr\u00e9ductibilit\u00e9 computationnelle. Cela ouvre de nouvelles possibilit\u00e9s pour les progr\u00e8s scientifiques, permettant la d\u00e9couverte de mod\u00e8les et de r\u00e9gularit\u00e9s dans les syst\u00e8mes complexes qui \u00e9taient auparavant cach\u00e9s en raison de l&#8217;irr\u00e9ductibilit\u00e9 computationnelle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stephen Wolfram souligne que bien que l&#8217;irr\u00e9ductibilit\u00e9 computationnelle impose des limitations sur ce que nous pouvons conna\u00eetre et pr\u00e9dire dans les sciences, elle met \u00e9galement en \u00e9vidence l&#8217;importance du passage du temps et la nature dynamique de l&#8217;univers. L&#8217;incertitude de certains syst\u00e8mes r\u00e9v\u00e8le l&#8217;importance d&#8217;int\u00e9grer le concept de temps comme une partie essentielle de l&#8217;exploration scientifique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En outre, la pr\u00e9sentation de Stephen Wolfram aborde les applications potentielles des principes d\u00e9couverts en physique dans d&#8217;autres domaines, tels que l&#8217;\u00e9conomie. Alors que les lois fondamentales de la physique peuvent \u00eatre valides dans diff\u00e9rents contextes, la nature des observateurs et de leurs tranches computationnelles peuvent grandement influencer les conclusions tir\u00e9es dans diff\u00e9rents domaines.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S.E<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Stephen Wolfram<\/strong> est un scientifique, informaticien et entrepreneur anglo-am\u00e9ricain n\u00e9 en 1959. Il est surtout connu pour ses contributions \u00e0 l&#8217;informatique th\u00e9orique et pour avoir cr\u00e9\u00e9 le logiciel de calcul symbolique Mathematica. En 1987, il fonde Wolfram Research, o\u00f9 il d\u00e9veloppe le moteur de recherche Wolfram Alpha. Wolfram est notamment l&#8217;auteur du livre <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A New Kind of Science<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Wolfram Media,&nbsp;2002)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, qui explore les syst\u00e8mes complexes bas\u00e9s sur des r\u00e8gles simples. Son travail a eu un impact significatif sur plusieurs domaines, y compris la physique, les math\u00e9matiques, l&#8217;intelligence artificielle et la bio-informatique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">_________________________________<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: right;\">\u0641\u064a<span style=\"font-family: Thabit, sans-serif;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. 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400;\">(\u0648\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u060c2002<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>UM6P Science Week, 54mn&nbsp; Introductory texts (English, French and Arabic) by Samia Erraji Drawing by Sophie Lenormand In a thought-provoking presentation, Stephen Wolfram delves into the concept of universal computation and its profound implications in both technology and science. The great physicist introduces the principle of computational equivalence, which posits\u2026 <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/?page_id=550\">Lire plus \/ Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":875,"parent":1897,"menu_order":16,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[81,34],"tags":[27,204],"class_list":["post-550","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-complexus","category-science-week","tag-stephen-wolfram","tag-204"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/550","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=550"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2648,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/550\/revisions\/2648"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1897"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cch.um6p.ma\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}